Sash hinge stop arrangement for window structure



Feb 7, 1967 J. P. MALMROSE ETAL 3,302,332

SASH HINGE STOP ARRANGEMENT FOR WINDOW STRUCTURE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. l, 1966 v' All Feb- 7, 1967` J. P. MALMROSE ETAL SASH HINGE STOP ARRANGEMNT FOR WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Aug. l, 1966 3 Sheets-Sinaail 2 Y Y Sile Feb. 7, 1967 3,302,332

SASH HINGE STOP ARRANGEMENT FOR WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Aug'. l, 1966 J. P. MALMROSE ETAL 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Inventors Jan ENQ Zmf'se ulou/ APeZer'sor United States Patent 3,302,332 SASH HINGE STOP ARRANGEMENT FOR WINDGW STRUCTURE John I. Malrnrose and Bulow A. Peterson, both of Kewanee, Ill., assignors to Kewanee Manufacturing Company, a corporation of Illinois Filed Aug. 1, 1966, Ser. No. 573,745 7 Claims. (Cl. 49-261) This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending application Serial No. 341,973 tiled February 3, 1964, which in turn is a continuation-impart of co-pending application Serial No. 285,533 liled June 4, 1963, and now abandoned and relates to window structure combinations of the type commonly employed for basement windows and, more particularly, is concerned with a sash hinge stop arrangement for such structures to enable positioning of the sash at one or more partially open vent positions.

In the usual basement window installation, a window frame is embedded directly in the lconcrete foundation wall and defines a Window opening bordered about its periphery by a fore and aft inwardly facing sash stop at a location intermediately of fore and aft extremities of the window frame. A sash of substantially less dimension in the -fore and aft direction is arranged to seat in closed position within the Window frame to span the window opening and abut the sash stop.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a simple hinge stop arrangement to accommodate the sash at a partially open position or to accommodate complete removal of the sash.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple stop arrangement of this type in a window structure combination comprised of formed steel framing rails.

Another object fof the invention is to provide a simple hinge stop arrangement to accommodate the sash at a plurality of open positions, the last of which makes it virtually impossible to accidentally dislodge the sash.

Still another `object of the invention is the provision of a hinge stop structure comprised of hinge pins cooperating with abutment structures provided with sockets to receive the hinge pins when the sash is in a partially open position.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the course ofthe following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same:

FIGURE 1 is an elevational view of a window structure combination as seen from the inside looking out;

'FIGURE 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken through the frame as indicated by the lines 2-2 on FIGURE 1, with mid-height portions of the frame omitted;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken -on the lines 3-3 of FIGURE 1 with mid-width portions of the structure omitted;

FIGURE 4 is an enlarged detailed view of a sash lock and is taken on the lines indicated at 4 4 of FIGURE l;

FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of the lock;

FIGURE 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view corresponding to that of FIGURE 2 but illustrating another embodiment of the invention;

"ice

FIGURE 7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View corresponding to that of FIGURE 3 but illustrating additional features of the embodiment shown in FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 8 is a fragmentary view illustrating a further detail of the embodiment shown in FIGURES 6 and 7;

FIGURE 9 is an elevational View of a sash structure of modified form;

FIGURES 10 and 11 are perspective views of mounting brackets employed on the sash structure of FIGURE 9;

FIGURE 12 is an enlarged fragmentary view corresponding to that of FIGURE 2, but illustrating another embodiment of the invention; v

FIGURE 13 is an enlarged side view of mounting bracket employed on the sash structure of FIGURE 12;

FIGURE 13a is an enlarged side view depicting another form of the mounting bracket which may be used in the invention; and

FIGURES 14 and l5 are enlarged fragmentary views of the embodiment depicted in FIGURE 12 in a partially and fully open position respectively.

For purposes of disclosure the invention is herein illustrated in FIGURE 1 as embodied in a basement-type window structure, designated generally as 10, in which a sash structure 11 seats in closed relation within a metal window frame 12 which is intended to be cast in place in a concrete foundation wall (not shown). The window frame 12 defines a window opening bordered about its periphery by a sash stop S (see FIGURES 2 and 3) located intermediately of the fore and aft extremities of the window frame.

Thus, the window frame 12 is formed from spaced pairs of horizontal and vertical rails to provide a head 12H and a sill 12S connected by vertical jambs 12J to collectively dene the window opening and sash stop. The sash structure 11 is comprised of correspondingly spaced pairs of horizontal rails 11H and 11S and vertical rails 11], with these sash rails being of substantially less fore and aft dimension than the window frame rails and arranged to seat in closed position within the window frame to span the Window opening and abut the sash stop S. The sash rails 11H, 11S and 11] are preferably of L-shaped cross section and each presents a fore and aft inwardly directed planar flange. An intermediate vertical rail 11T of T-shaped cross section completes the sash framing.

The head rail 12H of the window frame is provided with 2 and 3 each vertical sash rail 11] has a laterally projecting hinge pin at a lower region thereof and each vertical window frame rail 12] has a plate-like wall portion designated generally at 16, at a corresponding lower region thereof and presenting a generally fore and aft outwardly facing abutment edge 16W spaced inwardly in a fore and aft direction from a corresponding portion of the sash stop to define therebetween :a generally vertical entrance trackway T for the corresponding hinge pin 15. The abutment structure 16 has an irregular slot 16S provided therein and opening outwardly in a generally fore and aft direction at the base of the abutment edge 16W which, in effect, presents an upper corner 'bounding the slot.

In the arrangement illustrated in FIGURES l to 4, the rails are formed steel sections and therefore the abutment 14 and the plate-like structure 16 are punched out embossures from each corresponding rail section.

Both the slot 16S and the hinge pin 15 are spaced above the lower edge of the window opening to cooperably provide an intermediate hinge region controlling partially open positions for the sash. For this purpose the slot has boundary surfaces that include a generally upwardly facing fore and aft extending guide surface 17 leading from the trackway, a contoured surface 18 leading from the inner extremity of the guide surface in a direction generally downwardly and inwardly and then in a direction generally upwardly to define a hinge socket that may receive and retain the hinge pin 15 to support the sash frame at a first partially open position.

Preferably, the slot 16S is bounded `by a further gu-ide surface 19 leading from the inner extremity of the hinge socket in a direction generally upwardly and inwardly and a further contoured surface 20 leading from the extremity of the guide surface in a direction generally downwardly and inwardly and then in a direction generally upwardly to define a second hinge socket for receiving the hinge pin and thereby supporting the sash frame at a further partially open position. This sash frame position is illustrated in phantom line in FIGURE 2, and it will be noted that for such position the lower end of the sash frame abuts against a lower region of the sash stop S, resulting in a stable support arrangement for the sash frame at this intermediate position. A similar support arrangement obtains where the structure has its huge pins engaged in the hinge socket defined by the surfaces 18.

To install the sash structure 11, it is entered generally downwardly into the wind-ow frame along a direction inclined slightly outwardly to guide each -pin 15 downwardly through its corresponding trackway to a position immediately outwardly of its corresponding slot. vDuring final closure movement of the sash structure, it swings about the line of support established between the lower sash rail 11S and the sill 12S, and the lock 13 is enabled to enter beneath the abutment surface 14 to finally snap into engaged position confronting this abutment surface when the sash structure is fully seated within the window frame. The window sill 12S has an outwardly sloped intermediate wall 12W inwardly of the stop S and cooperating therewith in defining a base pocket 21 tapering downwardly to a region equal to the dimension of the sash rail 11S to provide better control over the swinging closure movement of the sill. Moreover, the lock 13 =by reaction with the underface of the head rail 12H normally urges the sash structure downwardly during final closing movement to seat the sash structure forcibly in the pocket 21 to thereby prevent any tendency to rattle or shake.

The lock 13 is comprised of a one-piece spring steel lock body of multi-angular lengthwise sectional configuration (see FIGURE 4) and it is stably mounted on the planar iiange 11F presented yby the head rail 11H of the sash frame. The lock body includes an intermediate plate section 22 extending generally fore and aft above the planar mounting flange 11F, a pair of generally fore and aft extending side-by-side tongues 23 integrally connected to the inner end of the plate section by separate reverse bend portions 24 of the body and extending in generally parallel underlying relation to the plate section 22, and a planar leaf section 25 integrally connected to the plate section 22 at its outer end by another reverse bend portion 26 of the body and extending generally fore and aft at an oblique angle to the plate section 22 in overlying relation thereto to project inwardly thereof and terminate at a location to provide an inwardly directed stop 27 spaced inwardly of the inner end of the plate section to engage the abutment surface 14 when the sash structure 11 is in fully closed position. Each reverse bend portion 24 connects its corresponding tongue 23 in parallel underlying relation to a corresponding portion of the plate section to undergo limited swinging movement relatively toward and away therefrom and coopera-bly constitute a set of gripping jaws that define a pocket opening through an entrance mouth beneath the outer end of the plate section 22 to receive and engageably retain the planar mounting ffange 11F.

Similarly, the reverse `bend portion 26 mounts the leaf section 25 to undergo swinging movement relatively toward and away from the plate section, and this enables entry of the leaf section 25 beneath the abutment surface 14 during closure of the sash frame and it produces the downward bias of the sash structure 11 for seating it tightly against rattling. Finally, the stop region 27 of the lock ybody projects downwardly a distance sufficient to clear the lower extremities of the abutment surface 14 and terminates in edge loops 27L arranged to receive a conventional pull ring 28.

To release the lock 13 when the sash structure 11 is in closed position, a downward force is applied to the pull ring 28 to swing the leaf section 25 downwardly sufficiently to enable the stop 27 to clear the abutment surface 14. The sash structure 11 is then free to swing away from the sash stop S of the window frame 12, either for complete removal or for location in a partially open position. The reverse bends 24 preferably bias the tongues 23 to a pinching jaw configur-ation for establishing secure engagement with the sash flange 11F and detents 23D may be struck out from the tongues to function as sharp teeth capable of penetrating the flange 11F sufficiently to maintain it in its installed position against accidental dislodgment.

It is important to note that the lock arrangement is such that the forces developed upon the lock 13 by virtue of its locking function against the abutment 14 are directed in a sense to maintain the tongues 23 in fully seated relation upon the flange 11F. Thus, the lock may be disengaged only 'by an appropriate release motion.

Other embodiments of the invention are illustrated in FIGURES 6, 7 and 8, and FIGURES 12, 13, 13a, 14 and l5 wherein the window frame rails and sash rail-s bear reference characters identical with those employed in the embodiment of FIGURES l through 4. In these other embodiments the hinge stop arrangement includes -a first set of abutment elements 116 rigidly carried by the side rails 11] of the sash structure and a second set of abutment elements rigidly carried at a lower region of each side jamb 12J of the window frame structure and spaced inwardly in a fore and aft direction from a corresponding portion of the sash stop S to define a generally vertical entrance trackway through which the sash structure together with its abutment elements 116 may be entered generally downwardly into the window frame along a slight outward incline to move each of the sash carried abutment elements 116 to a position located outwardly of the abutment elements carried on the window frame. The abutment elements 115 on the side jambs 12J are in the form of laterally projecting hinge pins located at a lower region of the jamb. The abutment elements 116 carried on the sash structure are in the form of a plate-like or bracket-like wall portion oriented generally fore and aft to present an abutment edge facing and spaced from 'the corresponding hinge pin 115. Each wall portion 116 has a slot, entranceway, or hinge pin receiving opening 116S opening through the corresponding abutment edge 116W and presenting a socket or sockets for receiving the corresponding hinge pin 115 when the sash structure is swingably shifted to one or more partially open positions as illustrated in phantom lines in FIGURES 6 and 12 and wherein lower extremities of the sash structure abut against lower regions of the sash stop S.

The sash structure may assume a partially open position between the lcwo extremes which are illustrated in FIGURES 6 and 12 by leaning the upper portion of the abutment edges 116W against the corresponding hinge pins 115.

The sash structure may comprise a glass panel 211 as illustrated in FIGURE 9, equipped 'with lower corner brackets 211] and a top lock receiving bracket 211H as illustrated in FIGURES l() and 11 respectively. These brackets are applied directly to the edges of the glass Sash 211 and serve to facilitate its mounting in the opening provided in the window frame with the bracket portions preferably being of metal, though other materials are suitable, to cooperate with the window frame structure in the same fashion`as previously described.

As illustrated in FIGURE 10, the lower corner brackets 211] are of elongated generally U-shaped cross section and include a lower end wall 211B and a central transversely extending plate-like wall 216 serving as the abutment element to cooperate with a hinge pin and having a slot 216S defining a pin receiving socket and an abutment edge 216W through which the slot opens. The bracket 211H for mounting the lock is elongated and of U-shaped transverse cross section and has a central external flange 211F to receive the lock shown at 13 in FIGURE 9. The brackets may be secured to the panel edges by means of glue, cement or adhesive tape (not shown).

It should be understood that the plate glass sash 211 may have edging along all four sides permitting the use of lighter glass.

The preferred embodiment is depicted in FIGURES 1'2, 13, 14 and 15. The abutment elements or brackets 116 have an entranceway to receive the pins 115 wherein the entranceway is defined by the wall of said bracket to define a rst area 116A and a second lower area 116B offset from the first area 116A wherein the areas 116A and 116B converge. The walls of the areas 116A and 116B have generally rounded surfaces 116C and 116D respectively to provide a suitable surface or socket engage pin 115. Preferably the wall 116E slopes upwardly while the 'wall 116F of projection 116G slopes downwardly to provide a converging-wall entranceway, the advantages of which will become hereinafter apparent.

FIGURE l2 shows in phantom lines the sash structure in a first open position wherein the upper abutment edges 116W lean against the corresponding hinge pins 115. FIGURE 14 depicts the sash structure in a second open position wherein the hinge pins 115 set in the general rounded surface or socket 116C and FIGURE 15 sho'ws the structure in a freely open position with hinge pins 115 disposed in slot or generally rounded surface 116D. Whereas the lower extremities of the sash structure abut against lower regions of the sash stop S in the partially open positions, the vertical rails 11] now rest upon the horizontal sill 12S of window frame 12. In this fully open position it will be seen that the projection 116G with its inclined surface 116F cooperating with wall or inclined surface 116E makes accidental dislodgement of the sash virtually impossible.

FIGURE 13a shows still another abutment element 116 which may be used in the invention. In this embodiment the entranceway or slot 116S has substantially parallel portions 116H and 116I with a generally double semi-circular like configuration and wherein the bracket has a projection 1161 at the lower portion thereof to act in a manner similar to that of the projection depicted in FIGURE 13.

It also should be noted that the window framing may be of any `desired cross sectional configuration and may be fabricated of steel, aluminum, plastic or other suitable material.

Thus, while preferred constructional features of the invention are embodied in the structure illustrated herein, it is to be understood that changes and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. A window structure combination that includes a rigid window frame structure having spaced vertical and spaced horizontal members cooperatively defining a window opening, means defining a sash stop located intermediate of fore and aft extremities of said frame and facing inwardly with respect to said frame, a rigid sash structure having side rails and upper and lower rails extending generally perpendicular to said side rails, the dimensions of said sash structure being substantially less than the fore and aft dimensions of said window frame structure and being dimensioned to seat in closed position within said window frame structure to span said window opening and abut said means, hinge stop means carried by said vertical members and said side rails, said hinge stop means including bracket-like elements and cooperating abutments, said bracket-like elements having two contoured surfaces yfacing said abutments, said surfaces being vertically and horizontally spaced from each other and being spaced sufficiently from said abutments in order to allow removal and insertion of said sash structure from and into said frame structure upon inward tilting of said sash structure while said bracket-like elements and abutments pass one another during such removal and insertion, said first contoured surfaces adapted for engagement with said abutments upon inward tilting of said sash structure to a first position inclined with respect to the closed position, said second contoured surfaces in said bracket-like elements adapted for engagement with said abutments upon tilting movement of said sash structure to a further degree than said first named tilting movement and to a second position inclined with respect to said closed position, the lower rail of said sash structure being engaged with said stop means in both said positions, said bracket-like element contoured surfaces and said abutments being spaced from one another as aforesaid whereby said sash structure may be opened to and held in either position and may be removed from said window frame structure through simple tilting, raising, and rotating movement of said sash structure without obstruction from said contoured surfaces and abutments.

2. The window structure combination in accordance with claim 1 including lock means cooperating between said sash structure and said window frame structure for holding said sash structure in closed position seated against said stop.

3. A window structure in accordance with claim 1 in which said bracket-like elements are carried by said vertical members and said abutments are carried by said side rails.

4. A window structure in accordance with claim 1 in which said bracket-like elements are carried by said side rails and said abutments are carried by said vertical members.

5. A windo'w structure in accordance with claim 1 in which said bracket-like elements have a third surface vertically and horizontally offset from said first-mentioned two contoured surfaces, said third surfaces facing said abutments and being spaced sufficiently from said abutments to allow removal and insertion of said sash structure from and into said frame in the manner recited in claim l and being shaped so as to allow said sash structure to be tilted inwardly to and held in fully opened position when said abutments engage said third surfaces.

6. A window structure in accordance with claim 5 in which said bracketalike elements are carried by said rails and said abutments are carried lby said Vertical members and said third surfaces are olset below and horizontally intermediate of said first two contoured surfaces when the window is in fully closed position.

7. A window structure in accordance with claim 5 in which said bracket-like elements are carried by said rails and said abutments are carried by said vertical members closest to said sash stop when the Window is in fully closed position.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 459,834 9/1891 Deissler 49-389 1,662,453 3/1928 Boeck 49--389 X 1,773,730 8/1930 Hankins et al 49-257 X 2,638,640 5/1953 Ballard 49-261 2,753,964 7/1956 Carnick 292-241 3,002,556 10/1961 Tourville 160-92 HARRISON R. MOSELEY, Primary Examiner'.

and said third surfaces are offset below and horizontally 15 A. I. BREIER, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A WINDOW STRUCTURE COMBINATION THAT INCLUDES A RIGID WINDOW FRAME STRUCTURE HAVING SPACED VERTICAL AND SPACED HORIZONTAL MEMBERS COOPERATIVELY DEFINING A WINDOW OPENING, MEANS DEFINING A SASH STOP LOCATED INTERMEDIATE OF FORE AND AFT EXTREMITIES OF SAID FRAME AND FACING INWARDLY WITH RESPECT TO SAID FRAME, A RIGID SASH STRUCTURE HAVING SIDE RAILS AND UPPER AND LOWER RAILS EXTENDING GENERALLY PERPENDICULAR TO SAID SIDE RAILS, THE DIMENSIONS OF SAID SASH STRUCTURE BEING SUBSTANTIALLY LESS THAN THE FORE AND AFT DIMENSIONS OF SAID WINDOW FRAME STRUCTURE AND BEING DIMENSIONED TO SEAT IN CLOSED POSITION WITHIN SAID WINDOW FRAME STRUCTURE TO SPAN SAID WINDOW OPENING AND ABUT SAID MEANS, HINGE STOP MEANS CARRIED BY SAID VERTICAL MEMBERS AND SAID SIDE RAILS, SAID HINGE STOP MEANS INCLUDING BRACKET-LIKE ELEMENTS AND COOPERATING ABUTMENTS, SAID BRACKET-LIKE ELEMENTS HAVING TWO CONTOURED SURFACES FACING SAID ABUTMENTS, SAID SURFACES BEING VERTICALLY AND HORIZONTALLY SPACED FROM EACH OTHER AND BEING SPACED SUFFICIENTLY FROM SAID ABUTMENTS IN ORDER TO ALLOW REMOVAL AND INSERTION OF SAID SASH STRUCTURE FROM AND INTO SAID FRAME STRUCTURE UPON INWARD TILTING OF SAID SASH STRUCTURE WHILE SAID BRACKET-LIKE ELEMENTS AND ABUTMENTS PASS ONE ANOTHER DURING SUCH REMOVAL AND INSERTION, SAID FIRST CONTOURED SURFACES ADAPTED FOR ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID ABUTMENTS UPON INWARD TILTING OF SAID SASH STRUCTURE TO A FIRST POSITION INCLINED WITH RESPECT TO THE CLOSED POSITION, SAID SECOND CONTOURED SURFACES IN SAID BRACKET-LIKE ELEMENTS ADAPTED FOR ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID ABUTMENTS UPON TILTING MOVEMENT OF SAID SASH STRUCTURE TO A FURTHER DEGREE THAN SAID FIRST NAMED TILTING MOVEMENT AND TO A SECOND POSITION INCLINED WITH RESPECT TO SAID CLOSED POSITION, THE LOWER RAIL OF SAID SASH STRUCTURE BEING ENGAGED WITH SAID STOP MEANS IN BOTH SAID POSITIONS, SAID BRACKET-LIKE ELEMENT CONTOURED SURFACES AND SAID ABUTMENTS BEING SPACED FROM ONE ANOTHER AS AFORESAID WHEREBY SAID SASH STRUCTURE MAY BE OPENED TO AND HELD IN EITHER POSITION AND MAY BE REMOVED FROM SAID WINDOW FRAME STRUCTURE THROUGH SIMPLE TILTING, RAISING, AND ROTATING MOVEMENT OF SAID SASH STRUCTURE WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION FROM SAID CONTOURED SURFACES AND ABUTMENTS. 